Tuberculosis (TB) remains a pressing global health challenge, with millions of people falling ill and losing their lives to this infectious disease each year. Despite significant progress in TB control efforts, there are still formidable challenges to be addressed on the path to achieving TB elimination by 2030. The articles presented shed light on the complexities of TB care, including issues such as stigma, mental health implications, drug resistance, underdiagnosis, and the impact of socio-economic factors and the COVID-19 pandemic.

In the field of drug development, successful translation from bench to bedside is crucial for bringing new and innovative treatments to patients in need. However, many promising drug and vaccine candidates face pitfalls and show-stoppers that prevent them from reaching clinical application. By addressing potential issues early in the planning process and utilizing a Target Product Profile (TPP) as a roadmap, developers can navigate the regulatory landscape more effectively and increase the chances of success. This reverse planning technique, starting with the end goal in mind, can help to identify and mitigate risks throughout the development process, ultimately improving the accessibility of life-saving medications for patients
worldwide.

The prevalence of drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis (DR-TB) in India, particularly Multidrug-resistant
and Rifampicin-resistant TB (MDR-TB and RR-TB), poses a significant challenge to the country's efforts in
controlling and eliminating the disease. The high incidence of FLQ-R in MDR-TB cases further complicates
management and leads to poor outcomes. The implementation of Shorter Course Chemotherapy (SCC) for
MDR-TB, including all-oral regimens, faces uncertainties in the Indian context due to the high prevalence of
FLQ-R, limited healthcare system capacities, and challenges in detecting resistance. The BPaLM regimen
recommended by the WHO for MDR/RR-TB cases, including those with FLQ-R, may be a more suitable option
for India. However, the feasibility and appropriateness of newer regimens in the Indian setting require careful
evaluation, along with the development of tailored strategies and guidelines to optimize treatment outcomes
and prevent the development of further drug resistance. Addressing these complexities is crucial for the
success of India's National Tuberculosis Eradication Program and the overall management of DR-TB in the
country.

This article discusses the efforts and achievements of Kerala, a state in the south of India, in the fight against Tuberculosis (TB). Despite being the highest TB burden country in the world, India has made significant progress towards TB
elimination, with Kerala leading the way. The state has implemented various innovative strategies, including involving local governments, establishing successful public-private partnerships, improving case management, and rolling
out TB preventive therapy. However, challenges such as high mortality rates, a high percentage of extra-pulmonary TB cases, and limited diagnostic capacity remain. Overall, Kerala is well-positioned to achieve TB elimination, but
continued efforts and interventions are needed to address the remaining challenges.

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health challenge, with India being one of the high-burden countries. Despite significant progress in TB control efforts, there are still challenges to be addressed, such as underdiagnosis, drug
resistance, treatment outcomes influenced by socioeconomic factors, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Efforts to achieve TB elimination by 2025 require intensified research, innovation, and significant investment. A multi-sectoral approach involving all stakeholders is essential to end TB. India's National Tuberculosis Elimination Program has made significant strides, but challenges persist. It is crucial to maintain political commitment, utilize rapid diagnostic tests and effective treatment regimens, and ensure consistent supervision and monitoring. Collaboration and collective efforts are needed to achieve the TB elimination target by 2025.

Tuberculosis (TB) has long been stigmatized, leading to social isolation,
discrimination, and mental health challenges for affected individuals. The
intersection of TB stigma and mental health is complex, with stigma hindering
treatment outcomes and exacerbating mental health issues. Efforts to address
stigma and mental health must be integrated into TB care, focusing on
education, community support, integrated healthcare, and responsible media
engagement. By adopting a holistic approach, we can create a supportive
environment that promotes understanding, reduces stigma, and enhances the
overall well-being of individuals affected by TB.
Introduction:
Over the years, Tuberculosis has been at the forefront of infectious diseases
that have caused enormous suffering to humanity. Morbidity and mortality both
led to societal stigma from the disease.
Tuberculosis (TB) and mental health are two distinct domains often
overshadowed by stigma in society. Here, we explore the intersection of the
stigma associated with TB and its impact on mental health, highlighting the
need for a holistic approach to address the challenges faced by individuals
grappling with both.